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A year of immunotherapy after surgery doubled the time before cancer returned in patients whose tumour had not fully responded to chemoradiation, though the survival gain did not reach significance.
CheckMate 577, trial NCT02743494 sponsored by Bristol Myers Squibb and reported in 2021, showed that a year of adjuvant nivolumab doubled the time before cancer returned in patients with oesophageal or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer whose tumour had not fully responded to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery, though the survival gain did not reach significance. It randomised 794 patients with residual disease to nivolumab or placebo and met its primary disease-free survival endpoint, the basis of the 2021 FDA approval, while the final overall survival analysis at ASCO 2025 favoured nivolumab without statistical significance. It remains standard in NCCN and ESMO guidance, and whether a disease-free benefit without a survival benefit should be enough is the open question.
Numbers are from the trial as recorded here; see the source links in the table below. This is orientation, not medical advice: ask your team how closely the trial population matches you.
794 enrolled.
| Endpoint | Arm | n | Value | HR (95% CI) | p | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disease-free survivalprimary | Nivolumab | 532 | 22.4 months | 0.69 | - | link |
| Placebo | 262 | 11 months | ||||
| Overall survival (final) | Nivolumab | 532 | 51.7 months | 0.85 (0.7 to 1.04) | 0.1064 | link |
| Placebo | 262 | 35.3 months |
The full inclusion and exclusion criteria are on the registry record. Read 2026-10-07. Recruiting overall does not mean a particular site is open; ask the study team.
ClinicalTrials.gov data courtesy of the US National Library of Medicine.
Shares CROSS, Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma.
Shares Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, PD-1.
Shares Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, Nivolumab, PD-1.
Shares Ronan J. Kelly, Oesophageal cancer.
Shares Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, Nivolumab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal cancer.
Shares Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal cancer.
Shares Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.
Every source this page cites, grouped by who published it. Grouping is read from the web address, not assigned by hand.
A source that has moved or gone is reported by the weekly link check. /audit/